INVESTICIJŲ Į AUKŠTĄJĮ IŠSILAVINIMĄ IR VALSTYBĖS PAJAMŲ BEI IŠLAIDŲ PRIKLAUSOMYBĖS TYRIMAS

Abstract

History of human development confirms the close relationship between education and economic development. Successful economic development is increasingly dependent on the investment in higher education. Examining the education and professional training, the researchers focused on three key issues: the economic value of education and professional training in individual enterprises analysis; higher education and the revenue relationship structure analysis; and preparation of the optimal strategy for human resources development.
Investment in higher education efficiency is dependent on external and internal factors. Internal effects - individual competencies, skills, and everything depending on the individual; external - environment for the investment process. External effects are treated as social or public benefits.
The country’s investment in human resources is measured by the share of the national product used for the education and science. In order to determine the economic efficiency of the investment in higher education, it is necessary to compare the expenditures (costs) and results (benefits).
The goal of the article is to evaluate the investment in higher education from the point of view of the State. The object of the article is the investment in higher education. The article uses evaluation methods of statistical processing. The method selection was determined by data accessibility.
For evaluation of investment in higher education from the point of view of the State, the analysis used the short-term return rate and the "brain drain" methods. The estimated State investment’s in higher education short-term rate of return (ROR) has shown that RORstate (university education)> RORstate (college education) (15.55%> 3.96%). This suggests that it is more beneficial for the State to subsidize university education than college education. The greatest negative impact on the process of State investment in higher education is caused by the "brain drain". This impact is evaluated taking into consideration the following indicators: the amount of State spending per student in higher education level; overall number of First Degree (BA) and college graduates; and the number of individuals with higher education degree who have emigrated.
The analysis of the positive and negative effects of investments in higher education and their impact on the state, concludes that primarily responsible for the studies must be the individual (the investor), and the State has to only cooperate. To ensure the accessibility of studies, socially disadvantaged students should be funded. In order to make education accessible to everyone, student loan funding system should be functional.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.em.17.3.2135